Modal Auxiliary : Pengertian, Macam, Jenis dan Contoh Soal

Pengertian Modal Auxiliary

Modal Auxiliaries adalah kata kerja bantu yang pada penggunaannya diikuti oleh kata kerja bentuk pertama (Verb 1) atau BE.

Macam dan Jenis Modal Auxiliaries

Ada Beberapa jenis Modal Auxiliaries. Mereka adalah Can/Could, May/Might, Must, Will dan Should.

1. Can (Present) yang dapat diartikan sebagai Dapat, Boleh.
Could (Past) merupakan bentuk lampau dari Can.
Penggunaannya:
a. untuk menyatakan kemampuan (ability). Keduanya (can dan could) dapat digantikan dengan Be able to (dapat). Be untuk present : is/am/are, dan untuk past : was, were.
contoh:
– She can speak English fluently = She is able to speak English fluently.
– They can translate the article = They are able to translate the article.
b. Untuk menyatakan ijin (permission). Can dan couls untuk fungsi ini bisa digantikan dengan Be permitted/allowed to (diijinkan).
contoh:
– She can join us to the party. = She is allowed to join us to the party.
(Dia (p) boleh ikut kita ke pesta. = Dia (p) diijinkan ikut kita ke pesta)
– Can I borrow your pen? = Am I allowed to borrow your pen?
(Bolehkan Aku meminjam pulpenmu? = Apakah aku diijinkan meminjam pulpenmu?)

2. May (Present) yang dapat diartikan sebagai Boleh, Mungkin.
Might (Past) merupakan bentuk lampau dari May.
Penggunaannya:
a. Untuk menyatakan ijin (permission)
contoh:
– You may stay here for a night.
(Kamu boleh tinggal disini untuk satu malam.)
– May I use your car?
(Bolehkah aku menggunakan mobilmu?)

3. Must yang dapat diartikan sebagai Harus, Pasti.
Penggunaannya:
a. Untuk menyatakan keharusan (obligation). Penggunaan keahrusan ini dapat digantikan dengan have/has to (harus) untuk bentuk present dan had to untuk bentuk lampaunya.
contoh:
– As a good citizen, we must pay tax. = We have to pay tax.
(Sebagai warga negara yang baik, kita harus membayar pajak. = Kita harus membayar pajak.)
– He must send the letter soon = He has to send the letter soon.
(Dia (l) harus segera mengirim suratnya . = Dia (l) harus segera mengirim suratnya.)
b. Untuk menyatakan kepastian (certainty). Penggunaan kepastian tersebut setara dengan Be sure, conclude atau certainly.
contoh:
– He has lived in Japan for 5 years. He must speak Japanese fluently.
(Dia (l) sudah tinggal di Jepang selama 5 tahun. Dia pasti sudah fasih berbahasa Jepang.)
– He certainly speak Japanese fluently.
(Dia pasti lancar berbahasa Jepang.)
– I am sure he speaks Japanese fluently.
(Aku yakin dia (l) pasti lancar berbahasa jepang.)
– I conclude that he speaks Japanese fluently.
(Aku yakin kalau dia lancar berbahasa Jepang.)

4. Will (Present) yang dapat diartikan sebagai Akan.
Would (Past) merupakan bentuk lampau dari Will.
Penggunaannya:
a. Untuk menyatakan rencana.
contoh:
– She will visit her grandmother tomorrow.
(Dia (p) akan mengunjungi neneknya besok.)
– They will take the test next week.
(Merekan akan mengambil tes minggu depan.)

5. Should yang dapat diartikan Seharusnya, Harus.
Penggunaannya:
a. Untuk menyatakan nasehat, saran atau anjuran.
contoh:
– You look pale. You should see the doctor.
(Kamu terlihat pucat. Kamu harus pergi ke dokter.)
– They should prepare themselves for the test.
(Mereka harus mempersiapkan diri mereka untuk tesnya.)

Contoh Soal:

1. Dolores: What will you do with that horse?
Holly: I will ride it to the top of the mountain.
Dolores : Really. Can you ride it?
Holly : Of course, I …
Dolores : Ah, I don’t believe it.
A. can
B. will
C. may
D. do

2. Reza: I’ve got a problem with my computer. … You repair it?
Rudy : Yes, but have you brought it to a computer technician before?
Reza : Not yet.
Rudy : Bring your computer here and I will check it.
A. Will
B. Shall
C. Can
D. Must

3. A girl : Mother, will you allow me to watch “Dewa Band” at the Center Hall, please?
Mother : … . But after you’ve finished your work.
A. No, you may not
B. No, you will not
C. Yes, I’ll see it
D. Yes, you may

4. Mother: Are you sleepy?
John : Yes, I am.
Mother : You may go to bed. You … wear your pajamas.
John : Yes, mom.
A. can
B. must
C. may
D. will

5. Nadya: … this letter?
Nisa : I’m sorry, I have some work to do.
A. Can I post
B. Should I post
C. Could you post
D. Would you like me to post

6. Mother : Tomorrow will be Monday. Have you prepared your school uniform, Ded?
Remember, you …follow the flag hoisting ceremony.
Dedy : Yes, Mom. I will prepare it.
A. can
B. may
C. must
D. might

7. Santy: Mom, … go to the cinema with my friends?
Mother : i am afraid not. You will have a test tomorrow.
A. Can I
B. May I
C. Should I
D> Would you

8. Haryadi is going to play table tennis, he has to get a ball. So, he … buy one.
A. should
B. must
C. may
D. can

9. Teacher : Amir is absent today?
Tono : He might be ill, Sir.
From the sentence we know that Tono is … that Amir is ill.
A. sure
B. uncertain
C. certain
D. afraid

10. We … use the zebra-cross to go to the other side of the street safely.
A. can
B. may
C. must
D. have

11. Your friend is always coughing because he smokes too much. He … top smoking.
A. may
B. can
C. shall
D. should

12. Herlina: Is that your umbrella?
Dahlia : Yes, it is.
Herlina : … yours?
Dahlia : Yes, of course.
A. Should I lend
B. May I lend
C. Must I borrow
D> May I borrow

13. Lia : Mom, there is a good comedy on the 21 CInema. …
Mother : yes, but don’t be late for dinner, please.
Lia : Ok, mom. Thank you.
A. COuld I see it?
B. May you go with me?
C. Shall we buy tickets?
D. Could you tell me about it?

14. Sinta : Many people want to see this movie.
Maya : It … a good picture then.
A. must
B. should be
C. should
D. must be

15. He is very brilliant. He can answer the questions correctly. The underlined words mean …
A. He will answer the questions correctly.
B. He is able to answer the questions correctly.
C. He is allowed to answer the questions correctly.
D. He is sure to answer the questions correctly.

16. He may be at the station now. It means … now.
A. He is certainly at the station.
B. He is able to be at the station.
C. Perhaps he is at the station.
D. He is allowed at the station

17. Prita : Exam will be held next week. We … ourselves for the test.
Linda : I agree with you.
A. should prepare
B. might prepare
C. may prepare
D. can prepare

18. Toni : I heard that you will be sent to study in Australia next year.
Saskia : You’re right.
Toni : What should we do to get the scholarship?
Saskia : We … be able to speak English fluently.
A. can
B. might
C. will
D. must

Kunci Jawaban:
1. A
2. C
3. D
4. B
5. B
6. C
7. B
8. A
9. B
10. C
11. D
12. D
13. A
14. D
15. B
16. C
17. A
18. D